Oil burner



April 19, 1960 o. KATORSKY 2,933,131

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 9, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet l 75 \F1( 81 55 W J 1!! t W 79 78 I 57 H 160 1 161 58 Y 'lji I 149 1 X 1 P i 143 12 122 51 mil .1 159 I: Hi I m 5 147 146 141 K 145 HIM.

INVEN OR 08 109R KATORJKY April 19, 1960 o. KATORSKY 2,933,131

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 9, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTDR 5 0.5mm KA'roRsKY HTTORNEVJ April 19, 1960 o. KATORSKY OIL BURNER 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 9, 1958 INVENTOR O$KOR KATORSKY ATTORNEY-5' April 19, 1960 o. KATORSKY 2,933,131

OIL BURNER Filed Jan. 9, 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR OS KRR KATORSKY A TT ORNE Y3 OIL BURNER 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan. 9, 1958 m d 5 a 9 6 United States Patent OIL BURNER Oskar Katersky, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Application January 9, 1958, Serial No. 707,884 8 Claims. (Cl. 152-77 The present invention relates to a rotary cup fuel oil burner, and particularly to a burner structure in which the rotary cup and the nozzles are very easy to dismount and replace. This feature of the invention is of particular advantage in that various nozzles and cups may be tried out at the site of installation to obtain the proper type of flame for the particular furnace for which the burner is used.

The burner in accordance with the invention is essentially characterized in that the housing, which is pivotally mounted on a support, comprises a pair of bearings, and the rotary cup is integral with a tubular shaft which is slidable in the inner races of the bearings and can be assembled with the bearings by means of a shoulder on the shaft engaging the bearings on one side and a nut, located externally of the housing, engaging the bearings on the other side. The conduit for the oil to the interior of the cup consists of a tube which passes through the shaft but is not connected with the shaft. According to a particular feature of the invention the nut may be formed as a belt pulley by means of which the shaft is driven.

Means are also provided to supply air under pressure to the nozzles of the burner, this means comprising a blower mounted on the shaft between the bearings and tightened therewith, the burner housing defining a casing for the blower. Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following disclosure, and by referring to the drawings in which:

Figure l is a perspective general view of a burner looking at the firing face thereof;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal centre vertical section of the firing unit showing the air blower, part of the nozzles for the combustion and atomizing air, the rotary cup and fuel oil delivery system;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a nozzle arrangement;

Figure 4 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a part of the firing unit at the back thereof;

Figure 5 is a section along line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a front elevation, partly in cross-section, along line 6-6 of Figure 2 and with part of the front cover removed, and showing the air valves for regulating the atomizing and combustion air to the nozzles;

Figure 7 is a partial side view of the linkage shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a partial side view of the linkage of Figure 6 on the opposite side;

Figure 9 is a plan view of the linkage shown in Fig ure 8;

Figure 10 is a side elevation of the linkage between the fuel oil cut-off valve and the solenoid operating the same;

Figure 11 is a back view of the linkage of Figure 10;

Figure l2 is a side elevation of the slide valve mounted on the stem of the oil shut-off valve for closing the bypass to the flow control tank; i

Figure 13 is a cross-section along line 13-13 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a cross-section along line 14-14 of Figure 2;

Referring now more particularly to the drawings in which like reference characters indicate like elements throughout, in Figure 2, the rotary cup is indicated at 1 and forms the front part of a hollow shaft 2 on the rear end of which is threaded a pulley 3. The shaft 2 is journalled in the housing of the firing unit by means of ball bearings 4 and 5. A fuel oil supply pipe 6 extends coaxially within the shaft 2 and in the back part of the cup 1 and is open at its front end 7. The oil pipe 6 is stationary, being fixed at its rear end to a back plate 8. Fuel oil is supplied to the pipe 6 through a top lateral opening 9 and bore 10.

When the burner is stopped, a valve closes the opening 7 of the oil pipe 6; said valve comprises a stem 11 which extends coaxially of the entire length of the oil pipe 6 and slides within an axial bore made in the back plate 8. The projecting forward end of the stem 11 mounts a valve head 12 adapted to seat against the opening 7 of the oil pipe 6 to close the latter. Thus, when the burner is shutoff, longitudinal rearward movement of the stem will bring the valve head 12 against the seat 7 and will positively prevent any further dripping of oil from the pipe 6 onto the inclined inside surface of the rotary cup 1. When the pipe 6 is closed by the valve head 12, a slide valve 13, rigidly mounted on the stem 11 and in contact with the inner face of the pipe 6, opens a bottom lateral opening 14 in the pipe 6 which is in communication with a bore 14. The bores 10 and 14 are in vertical alignment and are made in a sleeve 15 surrounding the pipe 6.

Referring to Figure 14, the vertically aligned bores 10 and 14 of the sleeve 15 are in turn in communication with inclined ducts or passages 16 and 17 respectively, made in a block 18. Figures 12 and 13 show details of the slide valve 13 which comprises a washer-like member 19 secured to the valve stem 11 by means of a cross pin 20, said washer 19 being provided with a slot 21 for the freeflowing of the oil to and from the back of the washer 19, in the area defined by the back plate 8, for free movement of the slide valve 13. Said slide valve consists of a trough-like member secured to the washer l9 and adapted to slide in pipe 6.

Referring again to Figure 14, the sleeve 15 is provided with lateral passages 22 extending therethrough, as shown in Figure 5. The front ends of the passages 22 cornmunicate with an annular space defined between the oil pipe 6 and an external tube 23 which is open at its front end 24 adjacent the back of cup 1 (see Figure 2). The rear ends of the passages 22 open within an annular chamber 25 defined between the rear end portion of the pipe 6 and a rearward cylindrical extension 26 of the sleeve 15. The cylindrical extension 26 is in turn provided with a plurality of openings 27 establishing communication between the chamber 25 and an annular chamber 27' made in block 18; the chamber 2.7 in turn communicates with a radial passage 28 which opens at the exterior through a longitudinal threaded opening 29 (see Figure 5).

The back plate 8 and the flanged sleeve l are secured by bolts 32 to the block 18;the sleeve 15 has a sliding fit within said block :18 and maintains the tube 23 and oil pipe 6 in coaxial arrangement within the hollow shaft 2. The whole assembly of the heating tube 23, oil pipe 6, shut oif valve ll, 12 and sleeve 15 may be removed by simply unscrewing the bolts 32 and sliding said assembly rearwardly through the block 18.

A centrifugal blower rotor 33 is mounted fast on the hollow shaft 2 for rotation therewith.

As shown in Figure 2, the blower rotor 33 comprises an annular hub 34 surrounding the hollow shaft 2 with the interposition of a bushing 35 which also serves'as a spacer member-for the inner races. of the ball bearings 4 and which are thus accurately positioned against the hub of' the pulley 3 and flange 36 of the shaft 2;. The blower rotor 33 further comprises a plurality of radial arms 37 rnounting at their outer end a tapered blower blade 38'.

The blower rotor'33 rotates within a blower casing 41 made of a back casting 42 and a front casting 43. (see Figure 2). The back casting42 is integral with or is secured to the front plate 44. shown in Figure 1', of the firing unit, while the, front casting 43 is bolted to the back casting by means of bolts 45 so that the blower casing may be easily dismantled. As seen in cross-section, the blower casing 41 progressively decreases in width from its radially inner part to its radially outer part, the outer part of the casing providing inside lat eral faces in close proximity to the side edges of the tapered blades 38. The back casting 42 is provided with a plurality ofair inlets 46 having their radially outer edge substantiallyaligned with the inner edge of the blades 3-8. An annular back plate 47 is applied against the circular ribs 48, 48' of the back casting 42 and is secured to the latter by means of bolts 49. Said back plate 4'7 extends in spaced relationship at the back of the casting 42 to define an antechamber for the air admitted into the blower casting through air inlets 46. A cylindrical screen 50 is disposed around thecircular outer edge of the plate 47 between said plate and the assembly of the block 18 so as to prevent cooling of the oil flowing through the passageway 16 into the oil supply pipe 6. The air entering the blower casing is centrifugally accelerated by the blades 38 into a scroll 51 formed by the two castings 42 and 43 and extending around the outer tips of the blades 38. The scroll 51 gradually increases in cross-section in the direction of rotation of the blower rotor from a top point 52, as shown in Figure 2, to discharge the air into a plenum 53 at the top of the blower casing. The plenum 53 forms a discharge chamber for the, air which is in communication with three vertically disposed passages 54 and 5d" which are defined by the front casting 43, a front plate 55, partitions 56 and side walls 57, as shown in Figure 6. The three passageways 54', 54" have substantially equal cross-sectional areas. The center passageway 54 is in communication with an inner nozzle member 52 at 59. The inner nozzle member 58' has a tapered shape and surrounds the cup 1 to provide an annular chamber The outer passageways 54" are in communication with an annular chamber till defined by the outer nozzle member 62 and theinner nozzle 58. The outer nozzle 62 surrounds the inner nozzle and also has a tapered shape. Air valves (33 and 63 are disposed in the respective passageways 54 and-54". Each air valve consists of a blade extending substantially across the entire width of the associated passageway and mounted on a transverse shaftand is adapted to open against the pressure of the air in the passageway,

As shown in Figure 6, the central air valve. 63' is fast on inner shaft 64, while the outer air valves 63" are'fast on sleeve shafts 65 which are rotatable on and supported is connected to the link 81' itself connected to acrank arm 82 pivoted at 33 on the top of the housing for the air passageways. The crank arm 82 is adjustably con nected to the crank arm '72 through the means of a turnbuckle link 84. The link 84 is also adjustably connected to the crank arms 72 and 82 by inserting the ends of said link Ed in any one of the holes 85 and 36 of said crank arms. 1

With the linkage just described, the outer air valves 63" move in unison and may move at the same or at a different rate from that of the centre valve 63'. It is also possible to modify the linkage so that the outer valves 63 will work at different rates or to modify the linkage in such a manner that the outer valve may open and close in a non-straight line ratio with respect to the position of the control arm 75 of the servo motor 77.

Figure 3 illustrates by way of example the outer end of the nozzles of the cup 1' is flared radially outwardly and forms, with the bevelled edge 91 of the inner nozzle 58, an inner nozzle opening 92 which directs the air blast issuing from the first nozzle radially outwardly; similarly the outer nozzle opening 93 defined between the inner'nozzle 58' and the outer nozzle 62 is adapted to direct a radially outwardly flaring air blast. This type of nozzle and rotary cup arrangement will produce an umbrella shaped flame.

Referring to Figures 10 and 11, it will be seen that the end of the valve stem 11 projecting rearwardly of the back plate 8 is connected to a link 95 which is itself pivotally connected at 96 to one arm of an L-shaped crank member 97 which is pivoted at 98 to thecouter end of a bracket $9, itself secured to the back plate 8. The other arm of the crank member 97 is connected to a vertical plunger ltltl through the intermediary of a pivoted link ltll. The plunger 100 engages a solenoid (not shown). it will be noted that this arrangement is failure safe, that is, the plunger 106, upon failure of the solenoid, will drop under its own weight and under the action of a spring, if. desired, thereby closing the valve head 1'2 to stop the supply of fuel to the rotary cup 1.

Referring again to Figure 1, the oil' burner proper, comprising the elements described hereinabove, is mounted for swinging movement about a vertical shaft or hinge pin so that the front face of the burner may become accessible for maintenance. The shaft 140 is threaded at its lower end in a plate 141 and has at its upper end a portion 142 which fits into a sleeve 143 on a post 159. This portion of shaft 140 and the sleeve 143 are secured in tightened engagement by means of a nut 1 2-4- threadedly engaging a threaded part of the shaft res and screwed tight against the underfac'e of V the sleeve 143. The sleeve 143 and plate 141 are rigidly by the central shaft 64. The linkage for actuating the shafts is illustrated in Figures 6 to 9: the central shaft 64 is rotated by means of arm ad, link rod 67, arm 63, shaft 69, arm 70, link 71' and crank arm 72 pivoted at 73 on top of the housing for the air passageways. The crank arm 72 is connected by link 74 to an actuating lever or wheel 75 which is fast on a shaft 76 of a servo secured to an oil tank 145 which serves as a base for the oil burner and which is connected to an oil supply pipe 146. The firing unit is pivoted on the shaft 140 by means of hinges 147, 148 and 149 which are bolted to the front plate 44.

Thefiring unit is locked in firing position by means of flange 1659, which is an extension of the front plate 44 and which engages an electrical locking box 161 mounted at the outer end of a bracket 162, which'is secured to the base 145. A

It will be noted that the hinge of the burner is located on the left hand side when looking at the back of the burner so that the burner swings open from right to left: thus a right-handed servicemen is able to work with his right hand and with his face and body Well away from the hot face of the furnace being fired.

When installing the burner or whenever the heating requirements vary, it is possible, in accordance with the present invention, to adjust the rate of increase of the air fed to the air nozzles relative to the angular position of the shaft 76 of the servo motor 77 and to adjust the oil metering unit accordingly. It will be noted that the linkage for the air valves is visible and readily acsible for variation of the lever arms. The capacity limits of the burner are calibrated at the factory and are determined by the blower capacity and pressure in t e plenum 53 and the total area of the outlets of both air nozzles. The blower pressure is normally 14" minimum water gauge. The quantity of total air delivered per unit time is, therefore, adjusted first by means of pressure readings taken in the air passages 54 and then the quantity of oil per unit time is adjusted and matched to the air by means of C0 indicator readings taken from the due gases of the furnace with which the burner is associated. Normally, the linkage of the valve as for the atomizing air nozzle is not adjustable and is fixed at the factory and only the combustion air valves 63" are adjustable. With the linkage shown in Figures to 13, it is possible to vary the rate of opening of the combustion air valves 63" so as to have the same rate opening as the atomizing air valve 63 or higher or lower opening rates. Thus it is possible to adjust the total amount of air to vary from a minimum to the maximum rated capacity of the blower or to a value lower than said maximum in accordance with the requirements.

The two combustion air valves 63", mthough shown as operating in unison, may be arranged for operation at different rates so as to create a turbulence at the combustion air nozzles. However, actual experimentation has shown that this is not necessary and that it is actually preferable to have the combustion air leaving the air nozzles in a straight stream without air turbulence.

The oil burner, in accordance with the present in vention, is designed to be installed on the floor in front of the furnace to be fired instead of being mounted on the furnace itself; this eliminates reinforcement of the furnace to support the burner.

The burner is very easy to maintain and, when repairs are required, simple to dismantle. The nozzles are accessible from the front of the burner and are easily removed, while the rotary cup 1 and hollow shaft 2 may be pulled ofl the front of the burner by simply unscrewing the pulley 3 (see Figure 5). Similarly the oil supply pipe 6 and hot air supplying tube 23 may be removed through the back of the burner by unbolting the back plate 8 and rearwardly sliding the sleeve through the bracket or block 13. It will. also be noted that the bearings 4 and 5 are mounted to allow expansion due to heat.

While preferred embodiments in accordance with the present invention has been illustrated and described, it is understood that various modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A fuel oil burner comprising a housing mounted for easy displacement, a pair of bearings mounted in said housing, a tubular shaft having an integral front extension forming a rotary cup, said shaft being slidably mounted in the inner races of said bearings, said shaft projecting outwardly of said housing on either side thereof, means to removably assemble said shaft with said bearings, including a threaded portion of said shaft, a shoulder on said shaft engaging the outer face of one of said bearings on one side of said housing, and a nut on said threaded portion engaging the outer face of said other bearing on the opposite side of said housing to tighten said bearings against said shoulder, said nut being disposed outside said housing when in assembled position, at least two nozzles concentric with said cup and removably mounted on said housing, conduit means extending through said shaft to the interior of said cup to supply fuel oil to said cup, said conduit means being removable from said shaft and mechanically disconnected from said shaft and from said cup, and means to supply air under high pressure to each said nozzle.

2. The'burner defined in claim 1, wherein said nut is formed as a pulley adapted to receive a belt for driving said shaft.

3. The burner defined in claim 1, said air supply means comprising a blower mounted on said shaft intermediate said bearings and tightened therewith, said housing defining a casing for said blower and air conduit means connecting each nozzle with said blower casing.

4. The burner defined in claim 3, wherein said housing comprises a front face spaced from said blower casing and defining an air conduit therewith, said front face having. a hole through which said cup projects, a first nozzle removably fastened to the periphery of said hole, said face having an annular opening concentric with said hole, and a second nozzle removably fastened to the outer periphery of said annular opening, said front face being readily reachable by said displacement of said housing.

5. The burner defined in claim 4, comprising partitions in said air conduit dividing the latter into three conduits one of which communicates exclusively with said hole, the others of which communicate exclusively with said annular opening, and air valves disposed in said conduits, the air valve of said one conduit being controllable independently of the air valves of said other conduits.

6. The burner defined in claim 1, wherein said fuel supply means comprises a fixed pipe having a closed end removably mounted on a support and extending within said tubular shaft and spaced therefrom, and projecting into said cup, and valve means at the projecting end of said pipe controllable from the opposite end of said pipe externally of said housing.

7. The burner defined in claim 6, comprising a fixed sleeve slidably receiving said fuel pipe, a support externally of said housing, said fixed sleeve being secured to said support externally of said housing, an oil supply duct opening into said sleeve, a hole in said pipe registering with said duct, and removable means to prevent axial and rotary displacement of said pipe within said sleeve.

8. The burner defined in claim 7, said pipe comprising a valve disposed at its outlet end, a stem within said pipe connected to said valve, said stern extending through said closed end of said pipe.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,903,100 Esterliug Mar. 28, 1933 1,962,448 Kreuzer June 12, 1934 2,071,143 Scott Feb. 16, 1937 2,202,981 Behrens June 4, 1940 2,219,917 Crosair Oct. 29, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS 850,779 France Sept. 18, 1939 

